Microfracture

Overview
This technique involves penetration of bone at the base of a cartilage defect. This causes formation of a "Superclot" in the base of the lesion. The theory behind this treatment is that the superclot contains factors and cells which allow cartilage regeneration. It is a one stage arthroscopy (keyhole) surgery and is appropriate for smaller and localised chondral defects in the knee.

The Procedure
At arthroscopy, the area of cartilage damage is debrided, that is cleaned out so that the base is down to bone and healthy cartilage surrounds is. With an arthroscopic "pick" (or awl) small hole are made in the bone at the base of the defect.

With Microfracture, rehabilitation is crucial. Moving the knee joint is good, and we usually us a CPM machine (Continuous Passive Motion) to get the knee moving early on. Protected weight weight bearing on crutches is advised to reduce the impact on the treated area while the cartilage is growing. Regular spinning on a static cycle is encouraged to keep the joint moving and is thought to help the repair process.